What is yoga?
Yoga is the oldest physical discipline in existence. The exact
origins of yoga are unknown, but it is thought to be at least
five thousand years old. The earliest evidence of yoga practice
can be traced back to about 3000 B.C. The original purpose of
the postures and breathing exercises was in part to bring stability
and relaxation so that one could prepare for the rigors of meditation
-- sitting still and alert for long periods of time. Civilizations
of the past often had sub-cultures that sought longevity and
knowledge from the super-conscious. The word yoga
has its roots in the Sanskrit language and means to merge, join
or unite. Yoga is a form of exercise based on the belief that
the body and breath are intimately connected with the mind.
By controlling the breath and holding the body in steady poses,
or asanas, yoga creates harmony. Yoga is a means of balancing
and harmonizing the body, mind and emotions and is a tool that
allows us to transcend the chaos of the world and find a quiet
space within. To achieve this, yoga uses movement, breath, posture,
relaxation, meditation, and diet in order to establish a healthy,
vibrant and balanced approach to living. Modern scholars have
defined yoga as the classical Indian science that concerns itself
with the search for the soul and the union between the individual,
whose existence is finite, and the Divine, which is infinite.
Yoga is a concept that today would be labeled as holistic. That
means that the body is related to the breath; both are related
to the brain; in turn this links with the mind, which is a part
of consciousness. The essence of yoga is to gain some level
of control over oneself. So instead of the brain being on auto-pilot
the real you can take control and pro-act instead of react.
Control is a key aspect of yoga: control of the body, breath
and mind. The secret of yoga practice lies in a simple but important
word: balance. In every area of our life, yoga represents balanced
moderation.
What is Hatha Yoga?
The system of yoga practiced most often in the West is called
Hatha yoga. The word Hatha is a composite of Ha, which means
sun and Tha which means moon. Yoga is the union between them,
suggesting that the healthy joining of opposites - in this case,
the mind and body - leads to strength, vitality and peace of
mind. Hatha yoga is the physical aspect of the practice of yoga.
Hatha yoga emphasizes asanas (practice of postures), pranayama
(breathing techniques) and dhyana (meditation). Its aim is to
balance various energy flows within the human body. As a form
of exercise, hatha yoga consists of asanas or postures that
embody controlled movement, concentration, flexibility, and
conscious breathing. The postures range from the seemingly easy
to accomplish (with practice you will come to find that there
is much more to even the simplest pose) to the very challenging.
While the movements tend to be slow and controlled, they provide
an invigorating workout for the mind and body, including the
internal organs. Yoga exercises ease tense muscles, tone the
internal organs, and improve the flexibility of the body's joints
and connective tissue. Proper yoga exercise will improve suppleness
and strength. Each posture is performed mindfully in fluid movements.
Violent movements are avoided; they produce a buildup of lactic
acid, causing fatigue. Hatha yoga is a complete fitness program
and will release endorphins in the brain just like any regular
exercise program. Yoga postures stretch, extend, and flex the
spine, while exercising muscles and joints, keeping the body
strong and supple. When done in conjunction with breathing techniques,
hatha yoga postures stimulate circulation, digestion and the
nervous and endocrine systems. As a workout, yoga can be intense,
easy, or somewhere in between. It can be practiced by anyone,
regardless of age, to achieve a more limber body, increased
physical coordination, better posture, and improved flexibility
without incurring the potentially negative effects associated
with high-impact forms of exercise. Hatha yoga remains different
from modern types of exercise. It does not aim to raise the
heart rate (although variations such as Ashtanga, Power Yoga,
or the flow series taught by Bikram Choudhury may) or work on
specific muscle groups. Overall, the postures release stiffness
and tension, help to reestablish the inner balance of the spine,
renew energy and restore health. Some postures provide the added
benefit of being weight-bearing which helps sustain bone mass.
Relaxation and breathing exercises produce stability and reduce
stress and put you in touch with your inner strength. In addition,
regular practice of hatha yoga can promote graceful aging. Whether
you are learning yoga singly or in a group, it is a good idea
to start by educating yourself through books and video while
also being supervised by a qualified teacher. A teacher will
demonstrate how to ease your body gently into and out of the
yoga postures. He or she will ensure that you do not strain
your limbs and will help you align your body in the asanas.
According to a recent Roper poll, six million Americans now
practice hatha yoga. Yoga also is increasingly being embraced
by the medical community in this country.
Yoga asanas can be
practiced by young and old alike. While there is no one who
should be excluded, you should check with your doctor before
you begin a course if you suffer from a medical condition. If
you have any concerns about your health or fitness, consult
your physician, qualified health practitioner or yoga teacher
before undertaking yoga practice, especially with these specific
health problems: high blood pressure, heart disease, arthritis,
pregnancy, back or neck injury or recent surgery. Like many
things in life, we can never know in advance the full impact
something is going to have on us. Reasons for our initial involvement
may lose importance as we gain deeper understanding. We have
the innate ability to change and learn, often in unexpected
ways. The simple perspective I have come up with, through all
the years and thousands of hours of practicing yoga and meditation
since my first exposure, is that yoga makes you feel good. It's
relaxing. It's energizing. It's strengthening. You feel better
at the end of a session than before you began, and life runs
more smoothly when you maintain a consistent discipline than
when you don't. Yoga enhances your experience of life. It changes
your perspective. You will find yourself spontaneously embracing
a larger, more accurate conception of who you are, how life
works, and what God is. You start seeing things
differently, with less distortion -- which results in greater
peace of mind, better health, more enthusiasm for life, and
an ever-growing authentic sense of inner well-being. If you
practice yoga and meditation regularly, this subtle sense of
feeling good gradually becomes so pervasive, so natural and
genuine, so much a part of you that it carries over into your
entire life. And in doing so it helps clarify your deepest longings,
motivations, and aspirations, thereby restoring optimism, hope,
meaning, and purpose to life. This transition will be smooth
and easy much of the time (even unnoticed) because it's so natural,
but some of the time it may not be smooth or easy. It may be
damn hard and painful. But this is only because growth hurts
when you resist change, and most of us have an inclination to
resist change in an attempt to remain comfortable by staying
the same. But life is change. Change happens, especially when
you're involved in a powerful transformative process such as
yoga. You grow. You can't not change. That's just the way it
is. Therefore, in order to stay comfortable as you grow, you
must flow with the changes and not attempt to cling to the past
-- just as you buy a new pair of shoes when your feet have outgrown
the pair you've been wearing. It's not reasonable to continue
wearing your favorite shoes when they no longer fit. You get
rid of the old ones and buy a new pair. But the reason you need
new ones is that your feet have grown. Growth has occurred.
Your foot grew, the shoe became too small, and your foot hurt.
Pain is not an inherent part of being a foot. Nor is it an inherent
part of growth. Your feet cannot be comfortable in a pair of
shoes that has become too small. Nor can an emerging flower
be comfortable by staying inside its protective husk that has
gradually become too tight. Nor a growing chick inside its shell.
Nor can you be comfortable in old belief structures and limited
self-concepts. You must slough off the husk and allow yourself
to open and bloom. You must willingly let go of any belief structure
that limits your awareness and causes your experience of growth
to be painful. You must let go of that which until now has been
a protective coating or shield - and bloom. The confidence necessary
to do this will accrue naturally from your practice. You learn
to open up by relaxing, being fearless, and becoming increasingly
defenseless. Defensiveness, or shielding, is what creates the
discomfort associated with growth. Changes start happening,
changes that may not always be initially welcome, and rather
than flow with the change and grow, many of us choose to stop
the process and stave off the change in an attempt to remain
the same a little longer. We contract in order to protect ourselves.
We stop the practice the moment it starts working, usually when
we start changing in ways we had not anticipated. This is because
that which is good for us is not always recognized as such right
off the bat. It's not uncommon to become fearful, defensive,
and self-protective, to mistrust the process and revert to old
ways of being. The problem with doing this, however, you discover,
is that it hurts more not to change. Increasingly, then, you
embrace change. You realize it's the movement of fulfillment.
And when you are no longer resisting growth it will be experienced
by you as less traumatic and more joyful. It feels good to go
with the flow and grow. Yet most of us would readily admit that
we are not feeling as good as we might. We may, in fact, believe
that anything more than a transient, spurious happiness is not
actually attainable. But we would also like to feel better and
actually be happy. We want the truth, come what may, but we'd
also like the joy and fulfillment of a meaningful life if at
all possible. We all have different visions of happiness and
fulfillment, and different strategies with which to pursue them
as we attempt to ascertain what's true. Yet, regardless of our
differences, all of us are doing those things that we think
will make us happy - or at least less miserable, less susceptible
to future suffering. The way we do this is based on our current
personal understanding of how life works. We pursue different
courses of action because our understanding, inclinations, and
circumstances vary. The essential motivation is the same, however.
We want the truth -- and we want to be happy. You may want something
other than just "feeling good," however, something
more than a vague, nonspecific happiness. You may want a new
car, a master's degree, or a better relationship. You may want
spiritual enlightenment. But would you still want the new car,
the degree, the relationship, or the enlightenment if in having
it, it did not also make you feel good? Would you want these
things if they made you feel bad? It's difficult to want something,
even if it's good for you, if you think you'll feel worse as
a result of having it. Therefore, we must be very alert for
self-deception. How much of your pursuit of truth is tainted
or twisted by what you want that truth to be? If Truth causes
you to suffer more than you already do, would you still want
it? This is an important question one that leads many people
not to want to know the truth, and one that you are answering
one way or the other as evidenced in the way you live your life.
The various things we desire and pursue, therefore, and the
many ways we attempt to grow and change are what we perceive
to be the means to happiness. We think, "If only I were
ten pounds lighter," "If only I weren't so shy and
fearful," "If only I could do that pose better,"
"If only I had some money," "If only someone
loved me, if only things were somehow different,... then I'd
be happy." We think that having this or that, or being
this or that way, will do the trick. The problem, though, is
that we don't actually know what will make us happy. We've received
many of our desires, things we thought would make us happy,
changed ourselves in every conceivable way, and still feel largely
unsatisfied. The fulfillment of desire is generally not very
satisfying in the larger sense. We realize that what we thought
we wanted wasn't it after all. It didn't give us lasting happiness.
A new desire always arises. Besides, there are many things in
this world that can temporarily make us feel good, but that
are not very good for us and that eventually make us feel bad.
The thrust of yoga, in contrast to the pursuit
of your desire as a means to happiness, is aimed at the monumental,
life-changing discovery of who and what you truly are. This
is how yoga works, how it makes you feel good. It helps you
experience the truth, your truth -- which, you discover, is
goodness. Your basic nature is happiness.
You don't know this
at first, however. You don't know this is what you'll find.
But when you do experience your truth, free of every idea you
now believe about yourself and free of every hope you have about
what that truth is, you will spontaneously feel exquisite inside
and be happy. And this is no small thing. This is big, huge.
And when you are in touch with that basic goodness, with the
pure Consciousness that you are, all that you desire will be
in alignment with your deepest truth and will therefore come
to you easily as a manifestation, or proof, of your congruence
with Truth. The fulfillment of desire will then be fulfilling
because you are in accord with Truth, in harmony with the Oneness.
The ramifications of knowing your truth will be enormous. You
will begin to live with a security, a confidence, and an inner
psychological peace born of an unshakable conviction in your
own personal worth. You will experience self-love and appreciation
and will thereby begin to feel full enough to reach out and
love others. You will also feel increasingly grateful to the
creative God Force for the privilege of citizenship and the
joy of participation in the endless creativity of the event
called life.
Now, let's continue
with a brief overview of the what and why of yoga. What are
the other benefits of practicing yoga? And why would this be
of interest to someone who has never been involved with yoga
before? Let me say first that yoga, like eating right, is for
some, an acquired preference. When I was young I didn't like
to eat beet or other such vegetables. It required my parents'
daily pestering and maturation to get me to do it. Now I eat
vegetables not only because I know it is good for me, but because
I prefer the way I feel when I eat right. The same has been
true with my yoga practice. At first it took conscious discipline
and deliberate effort to establish a daily practice. Now I practice
not only because it's good for me, but because I prefer the
way I feel when I do. I feel clean and new, much like the way
eating right makes me feel. The entire motivation has changed.
Yoga helps keep my
energy high yet I am focused and relaxed. This can easily become
your most compelling reason for doing yoga. Then, just as you
gladly begin to eat a healthier diet every day, so will you
gladly practice Yoga. Eating healthy once a week is not the
same as eating right daily. Please understand that what I am
attempting to describe and put into words is an activity that
is essentially nonverbal. Words, by their very nature, will
never quite convey the full meaning, it's the actual experience
of yoga that concerns us. Words, however, can prepare you for
the experience. They can foster curiosity and motivation, which
leads to success and understanding. The words and analogies
I have chosen, therefore, though not entirely precise, are accurate
enough to give you a taste of what I mean. Be playful with the
analogies, as I have been in using them, and listen for the
meaning that lies beyond the word.
Balance, Strength,
and Flexibility
One of the most obvious
things about having a body is that it tends to stiffen and tighten
the older you get, much like a tree that is tender and supple
when young and becomes hard, dry, and brittle with age. When
you were young, you were probably very flexible; most children
are. As you have grown older, your range and ease of movement
have probably diminished. Perhaps you're not as spry as you
once were, you move more slowly, and you may be experiencing
more aches and subtle pains. You may also have noticed that
you're less energetic, less resilient to change, more prone
to injury, and that injuries take longer to heal. You may not
feel quite as alive as you used to feel. Given the way most
of us live and think this is neither surprising nor mysterious.
Nor is it something that happens suddenly. It creeps up slowly,
and you notice it gradually.
Your awareness of
this gradual decay and loss of vitality, however, can spark
a very real commitment to the discipline of yoga. As your body
tightens, not only is it less comfortable to be in, like a shirt
that has shrunk and is now too small, it actually becomes less
efficient and more prone to disease and degeneration. As your
body tightens, it literally begins to choke itself. This internal
constriction inhibits the circulatory system, not only of your
blood and other fluids, but of our essential life force and
when the circulatory system (which irrigates, oxygenates, and
feeds the cells) is inhibited, the cells' food supply is diminished.
This gradual undernourishment contributes to the overall aging,
drying, and hardening of the body. Nerves, glands, and muscles,
as well as the different energy networks in the spine, all become
subject to a slow death precipitated by the lack of nourishment
inherent in this internal strangulation. With yoga you can dramatically
retard, even reverse, the tendency to stiffen as you age. You
can actually bring the suppleness of youth back into your life
and be more flexible, durable, and stronger than you were as
a child. You can learn to focus your physical and mental energy
more effectively and thereby be more vital, creative, and efficient
in all your activities. There are many physical benefits that
accrue from regular yoga practice. The three most obvious are
the immediate increase in your balance, strength, and flexibility.
Balance
Improved balance refers not only to the heightened physical
coordination you will acquire, but to the balance of power between
the left and right, front and back, and every other aspect of
your life. Most of us are not balanced and therefore do much
of what we do asymmetrically. We may be stronger on our right
side, for example, and weaker on our left. We can turn our head
or twist our spine farther in one direction than we can the
other. We can cross our legs with the left leg on top, but not
the right. We can bend forward with ease but not backward. We
excel at our work but at the expense of our relationships. None
of this would matter much except for the fact that being asymmetrical
and unbalanced creates a certain inevitable level of stress
and strain throughout your body. Parts of you work overtime,
other parts are neglected. This can lead to injury, pain, or
discomfort. Working toward a balance within yourself will bring
a welcome harmony to the overall feeling-tone of who you are.
Yoga creates symmetry throughout your whole body, making you
strong and flexible in a balanced way. It also teaches you to
balance the mental impulse to push, control, and be assertive
with the ' impulse to yield, surrender, and be passive. This
balanced attitudinal equilibrium, rather than hampering the
energy of either impulse, heightens the effectiveness of both.
Strength
When you feel tired and weak, you also feel heavy. You literally
feel heavy, a burden to yourself, as though you had to drag
yourself around. When you feel energetic and strong, however,
you feel light, and life doesn't seem so difficult. The weaker
you are, the heavier you will feel. The stronger you are, the
lighter you will feel. A consistent yoga practice will make
you strong and light. This may not sound like much. But if,
for example, you were twice as strong as you are right now,
you would feel twice as light. It would seem as though you were
half your current body weight. Imagine weighing half your present
weight. You would feel very light and buoyant, and your everyday
experience of who you are would be dramatically different. The
whole tone of your body will change as your strength increases.
You will have an easier time handling your own body weight.
You will feel sturdier and sure of yourself. You will have a
lighter step. If this interests you, then work to increase your
strength. Do this by exercising it, using it. Be happy when
a pose challenges you in this way.
Flexibility
As you free your body and become more flexible, you not only
restore lost movement, you actually erase all the tensions and
internal conflicts that would otherwise accumulate and eventually
erupt as pain. The more flexible you are, the harder it is for
pain to lodge in your body. Pain and tension are forms of blocked,
stuck, misplaced, and misused energy. Being more flexible opens
these energy blockages and frees your energy circulation. Your
entire body will feel clean and new as the stuck parts are freed
and released. Pain often comes from neglect (a form of misuse)
and is always a signal to take care. Toothaches, backaches,
and headaches are all symptoms of such neglect or abuse. They
are forms of asking for help and should be listened to, not
ignored. Healthy teeth do not hurt, and healthy backs do not
ache. Toothaches hold you in "tooth-consciousness,"
backaches in "back-consciousness." If you have ever
had either, you know what I mean. The healthier your teeth are,
however, the less "tooth-consciousness" you will experience.
The healthier your back, the less "back-consciousness."
And the healthier your whole body is, the less "body-consciousness"
you will experience. This will produce a state wherein you feel
transparent, clear, clean, almost invisible. And because your
body is operating perfectly, it will not demand your attention
in uncomfortable ways. Your awareness and life experience will
again feel pure and untainted. This is probably the way you
felt when you were young. Easing the grip of body-consciousness
will spark the growing awareness that "you" are much
more than mortal. The healthier you are, the less concerned
you will be with your body. This frees your mind to discover
itself. It is interesting how it comes full circle. At first,
yoga makes you more sensitive and more conscious of your body;
otherwise, due to neglect, misuse, or abuse, pain will be calling
you. But now, because of the care you have taken with yourself,
your awareness and self-definition are free to expand beyond
your body to new levels of experience and learning. The gratifying
result of being supremely healthy is that your body becomes
barely noticeable, much like having your car in perfect running
order. When your car is perfectly tuned, your driving experience
is of the ride, the scenery, and the people you are with. You
are not worried about whether the car is about to break down
or not. The way to alleviate worry and transcend "car-consciousness''
is by taking care of your car, not by ignoring it and leaving
its well-being to the whims of chance. The way to transcend
worrisome body-consciousness is by taking care of your body.
The idea is not to become obsessed with your physical form.
Simply give it enough care and attention so that it functions
as the perfect instrument and comfortable embodiment it was
meant to be.
Sensitivity and Self-Trust
These three things - balance, strength, and flexibility - will
enhance your overall sensitivity. This is essentially what the
discipline of yoga is all about. It is an awareness
process wherein you attend to very subtle shifts in sensation
and feeling as you do the poses, or asanas. You immerse yourself
in the various sensations of stretch and listen
for the intelligence of your body to advise you about what to
do - like whether you should be stretching more or less, for
example. You practice using your intuition in this
very specific arena of yoga asanas. In so doing you simultaneously
exercise your body as you refine your sensitivity to inner guidance.
The beauty of being more sensitive lies in the discovery that
beneficial things naturally start feeling good, better than
before, and therefore become attractive to you. Things that
are bad for you no longer hold the attraction they once may
have had. Your diet, for example, may undergo an effortless
change. Certain foods you previously enjoyed may no longer be
so appealing, and previously uninteresting foods may now entice
you. Lifestyle habits may also change without conscious determination.
An ever-increasing sensitivity, therefore, will initiate an
easy self-corrective process that reinforces self-trust. Self-trust
means we have the confidence necessary to follow through and
pursue things that feel right. This is very important. It means
that we can now openly trust ourselves to pursue what is attractive
to us and avoid what isn't. Until now, this is exactly what
has gotten us into so much trouble. We've pursued things and
situations we found attractive and have ended up paying for
it, in one way or another.
And we have thereby learned not to trust ourselves. It makes
sense not to trust if it keeps getting us into trouble, and
pretty soon this mistrust feels normal. With the cultivation
of sensitivity, however, your likes and dislikes will change.
You'll discover that what now attracts you is in your best interest.
You can therefore safely allow yourself to pursue what attracts
you, what you like. You can trust yourself to trust yourself.
It's no longer dangerous, but safe -- smart. And it's fulfilling.
It will make you happy. Of course, what you are really learning
is that self-trust is the most intimate way of expressing your
trust in God and the universe. You are not a separate creation,
remember, you did not create yourself. Trusting yourself, therefore,
is actually trusting in the intelligence of the Creator who
made you. It is your personal demonstration of your trust in
the universe and Infinite Mind, and your confidence will be
well reinforced because of your ever-increasing sensitivity.
This basic self-trust is the foundation of all yoga and the
prevailing quality of those who have learned to be their own
best teachers.
Love
All this becomes especially interesting as you notice how thoroughly
your life is shaped by your thoughts and the way you interpret
what's going on. Every thought, feeling, and emotion manifests
in one form or another in your body and in your life. As you
become more sensitive to the inner feeling of who you are, you
will notice this with surprising clarity. You will also learn
a very simple truth: Loving thoughts feel good, and unloving
thoughts feel bad. Unloving thoughts are like self-inflicted
poison darts, whereas loving thoughts are the natural response
to reality when it is clearly perceived. This simple understanding
will initiate a natural change of mind that will culminate in
the primary and most important theme of yoga: learning to love
and be loved. You will gladly allow the energy of love to circulate
freely through you once you start feeling it. You'll no longer
be so afraid of love, or be at war with love, because it will
feel so much better to be loving than not. In this way you will
gradually become the conduit for love to shine through unobstructed,
undiluted - pure and perfect. But what is love? What do we really
know about it? How much of our beliefs about love are true,
and how much is merely our imagination. Love is the most practical
thing in the world. It's what's needed most. And this is what
it is: Love is the willingness to see that which is Real in
each and every thing. It's the willingness to let go of what
you think something is in order to see it clearly - as it really
is. Love, therefore, is the supreme healing power because it
looks beyond what
appears to be true to what is true. As you begin to see all
things in this new way, you'll find that you and the world are
different than you thought they were - and magnificently better.
You'll sense that there is, indeed, authentic cause for hope
and joy and an optimistic outlook. The more realistic you are,
you discover, the more optimistic you become. We are not victims
doomed to death and suffering and short-lived transient joys,
but beings alive in a creative universe, uniquely specific expressions
of a creative, eternal, universal Consciousness, Mind, or Infinite
Presence, God. You welcome love - that is, you become able to
see that which is Real in each and every thing - by clearing
your mind of prejudice and beliefs and then being with things
as they are. Only when your mind is clean of preconceptions,
even if you're right, can you see and relate to what is actually
true. With regard to other people, for example, love is the
willingness to let go of your ego reactions to the way people
are presenting themselves in order to see them as they really
are. To love another is more a matter of letting go of everything
you think you know about that person, so you can be with him
or her in the now with a clear and uncluttered mind, than it
is to have ideas in advance about what it means to be loving
and then attempting to behave "lovingly." When you
do this, people will feel as though you are extending love to
them, that you are being loving, when in actual fact you will
have merely withdrawn your preconceptions in order to be clean
with them in the now.
You learn to love by learning to forgive. Forgiveness is the
deliberate withdrawal of judgment. It's the deliberate letting-go
of criticism, condemnation, and conditions-needing-to-be-met-before-I-see-you-anew
with regard to yourself, others, and everything else, in favor
of seeing the deepest truth. It's about removing the filter
in order to see clearly. Not judging yourself or others puts
you in the position of perceiving accurately. Each one of us
is the specific expression of Infinite Consciousness, whether
we know it or not and whether we are acting like it or not.
Everyone is some aspect of the same infinite thing that you
are. Your willingness to see yourself and others in this way
is transformative. It encourages everyone to relax, be fearless,
and therefore be less defensively aggressive. This is something
you will want to learn simply because the perspective and love
that come from forgiveness feel infinitely better than anything
coming from blame or judgment. Love feels better than non-love.
Is this a surprise? The conscious realization of this fact,
however, will propel you into a perception of yourself and the
world that will work to enhance and preserve this secure sense
of overwhelming love.
Always start your
yoga practice sitting quietly. These first few minutes provide
an interval in which to let go of your usual daily concerns,
gather your energy, become
centered, and affirm
your motivation to practice with one-pointed enthusiasm. Be
patient with yourself and give yourself time to learn. During
this quiet time be aware of any specific poses you feel like
doing. These will come to mind spontaneously, much like the
way specific foods come to mind when you think about what to
eat. Pay attention to these subtle requests for they will clarify
the content of your practice.
One basic assumption of the Yoga Sutras is that the body and
the mind are part of one continuum of existence, the mind being
more subtle than the body. This is the foundation of the yogic
view of health. The interaction of body and mind is the central
concern of the entire science. It is believed that as the body
and mind are brought into balance and health, the individual
will be able to perceive his true nature; this will allow life
to be lived through him more freely and spontaneously. Yoga
first attempts to reach the mind, where health begins, for mental
choices strongly affect the health of the body. Choices of food,
types of exercise, which thoughts to think, etc. all affect
the body. As practiced traditionally in India, yoga includes
a set of ethical imperatives and moral precepts, including diet,
exercise, and meditative aspects. In the West, yoga focuses
primarily on postures (gentle stretching exercises), breathing
exercises, and meditation. Yoga is frequently used in Western
medicine to enhance health and treat chronic disease as well
as stress.
Yoga therapy begins with relaxation. Living in an age of anxiety,
we are often unconscious of our tensions. We are often depressed,
tired, and an easy victim of diseases. There are a number of
reasons for our stressful life. Often it is lack of rest, anxiety,
tension and fatigue. These are constantly draining our health
energies. Thus, the first priority is to get us into a relaxed
state. The asanas were designed with economy of time and effort
in mind. Most of them work on more than one aspect of the body
at the same time. For example, a twisting asana may benefit
the spine, adrenal glands, liver, pancreas and kidneys. The
yoga asanas produce their beneficial effect on the organs and
glands in three ways.: The position of the asana causes an increase
in blood circulation to the specific target organ or gland.
The position of the asana often produces a slight squeezing
of the organ or gland. This has the effect of massaging the
organ or gland and stimulating it. Deep breathing and visualizing
the target area sends an extra supply of Qi
or prana to the area.
Pranayama: Pranayamas are specially developed breathing
techniques. Yoga breathing produces a huge storage of energy
in the solar plexus area. This will cause the body to radiate
vitality and, if any sickness is developing, the body can call
upon some of this energy reserve to combat the disease. Yoga
breathing also improves brain function (intelligence and memory),
as well as increasing the elimination of toxins from the system.
The total effect of yoga asanas and breathing is to produce
a state of high vitality and rejuvenation.
Concentration/Meditation practices: The benefits of the
postures are greater if you concentrate the healing action where
it is needed. You can incorporate a variety of affirmations,
meditation/concentration practices and visualization. Many times
focusing on an object or sound (like clicking of a clock) can
help us concentrate and leave our distracting thoughts away.
An
affirmation is a declaratory statement of yourself. They are
inner-self conditioners. Our inner mind will believe everything
we say with conviction and emotional force. It takes persistent
repetitions to get the desired result. Typical affirmations
that can be used are:
I am at my desired weight (for dieters)
My lungs are pure and clean (for smokers who want to get out
of the habit)
I feel continuously alert, vital and useful (general), etc.
Even more powerful technique than affirmation is visualization.
Here, we show our subconscious mind a picture of what we are
talking about. Forming such picture inside your mind is called
visualization. To be effective, visualization should involve
all senses, not just sight. Imagine the state or thing we want.
How does it feel when we have it? What will you be with it?
What does it feel like? What does it look like? How does it
sound? How does it taste? How does it smell? For healing therapy,
visualize the state without the condition. For example, for
those trying to lose weight, visualize yourself in the desired
weight and physical condition and imagine the life in the new
state.
In other words, you should mentally see the affected area as
it receives fresh blood circulation, oxygen and physical massage.
A diabetic should visualize the healing energies flowing into
the pancreas. A rheumatic can concentrate on the release of
synovial fluid. Synovial fluid is a lubricant and also disperses
waste matter which can cause stiffness at joints.
Thus, most effective yoga therapy involves a three-pronged attack.
When you practice yoga postures, you are strengthening the body.
When you control your breathing, you are creating a chemical
and emotional balance. And when you concentrate your mind on
affirmations, you are practicing the power of prayer. But when
all three approaches are synthesized, you are entering the most
powerful mystery of healing: the basic harmony of life.